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Sleep Aids & Wakefulness

Generic zopiclone for short-term insomnia, and modafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness caused by narcolepsy.

4 productsZopicloneModafinil Free over €110
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Two distinct families: Zopiclone for short-term insomnia, and Modafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness caused by narcolepsy — its only EU use since the European Medicines Agency's 2010 review.

Sleep Aids & Wakefulness products

About Sleep Aids & Wakefulness

This category contains two very different types of medicine. Zopiclone is a short-term sleeping tablet (a 'Z-drug') used to help with insomnia — falling asleep, staying asleep, or early waking. Modafinil is the opposite: a wakefulness-promoting medicine which, in the EU, is used only for excessive daytime sleepiness caused by narcolepsy. The European Medicines Agency removed its former uses for shift-work sleep disorder, obstructive sleep apnoea and idiopathic hypersomnia after a 2010 review.

Both are prescription-only medicines in the EU/EEA, intended for specific medical situations. Zopiclone is used only for short periods — at most four weeks including tapering off — because of the risk of tolerance and dependence; Modafinil promotes wakefulness but does not replace genuine sleep. Each product page explains its specific use and precautions.

What it's used for

  • Short-term insomnia that is severe, disabling or very distressing — Zopiclone
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness caused by narcolepsy — Modafinil (its only EU indication)

How to choose

Choose based on the problem: Zopiclone is for difficulty sleeping at night and is used only short-term; Modafinil is for staying awake during the day in narcolepsy. They are not interchangeable. Within each, the strengths differ — your doctor will advise what's appropriate. Never use a wakefulness agent to mask a lack of sleep, or a sleeping tablet long-term.

Safety essentials

  • Zopiclone is for short-term use only (at most 4 weeks including tapering off) — longer use risks tolerance and dependence.
  • Do not drink alcohol with Zopiclone, and don't drive while affected — next-day impairment is common.
  • Modafinil can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraception — use an additional method during treatment and for up to two months after.
  • Zopiclone can cause dependence, and modafinil's EU product information says dependence with long-term use cannot be excluded — take both exactly as prescribed and never share them.
  • Always read the patient information leaflet and consult a doctor or pharmacist.

Frequently asked questions

Is Zopiclone addictive?+

It can be — tolerance and dependence can develop, so it's prescribed for short periods only and the dose may be reduced gradually rather than stopped suddenly.

Does Modafinil replace sleep?+

No. It reduces excessive sleepiness and promotes wakefulness but doesn't remove the body's need for sleep or treat the underlying cause of tiredness.

Can I take a sleeping tablet and a wakefulness tablet?+

These are for different problems and should only be used as a doctor directs. Don't combine or self-medicate; speak to a healthcare professional about your sleep pattern.

Is modafinil used for shift work in the EU?+

No longer. After a 2010 review, the European Medicines Agency restricted modafinil to excessive sleepiness caused by narcolepsy; it should no longer be used for shift-work sleep disorder, obstructive sleep apnoea or idiopathic hypersomnia, because the evidence of benefit did not outweigh the risks.

Important: This is general information, not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and consult a doctor or pharmacist before use.

Sources

Health guides

Guides & related reading for Sleep Aids & Wakefulness

25 research-backed guides — newest first.

1 / 5

Zopiclone 7.5mg vs 10mg: the honest guide to sleeping-tablet doses

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Zopiclone for Insomnia: A Short-Term Guide

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Modafinil and Shift-Work Sleep Disorder

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Modafinil vs Caffeine: Why They Are Not Interchangeable

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Armodafinil: A Guide to This Wakefulness Medicine

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Modafinil 200: A Practical Guide to the Wakefulness Aid

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Sleep Hygiene Tips: Practical Habits for Better Rest

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Modafinil vs Armodafinil: How These Wakefulness Aids Compare

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Narcolepsy Explained: Symptoms, Causes and Management

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Sleep Apnoea and Daytime Wakefulness: What You Need to Know

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Beating Jet Lag: Practical Tips for Travellers

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Zopiclone vs Other Sleep Aids: Understanding Short-Term Insomnia Options

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Restless Legs Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes and Relief

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Melatonin for Sleep: How It Works and When It Helps

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Caffeine and Sleep: How Your Coffee Habit Affects Your Rest

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Blue Light and Sleep: How Screens Affect Your Rest

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Shift Work Sleep Disorder: Coping With an Irregular Schedule

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Sleep and Immune Health: Why Rest Helps You Fight Infection

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Sleep Quality and Libido: Why Rest Matters

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Sleep Stages Explained: Understanding Your Nightly Cycle

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Napping: The Pros, Cons and How to Do It Well

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Snoring: Common Causes and What Can Help

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Insomnia and Anxiety: Breaking the Cycle

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Staying Alert Safely: Managing Tiredness Without Cutting Corners

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See also