Antibiotics in Pregnancy: Safety, Cautions and Advice

Treating infections during pregnancy

Infections can happen during pregnancy just as at any other time, and some, such as urinary tract infections, are more common while expecting. When a bacterial infection needs treating, antibiotics are sometimes necessary to protect both the pregnant person and the baby. The key principle is that any medicine in pregnancy should be guided by a doctor or midwife.

Why infections in pregnancy are taken seriously

Some untreated infections during pregnancy can affect both parent and baby, so they should not be ignored. At the same time, not every illness needs antibiotics; many infections are viral and self-limiting, and antibiotics only work against bacteria. A healthcare professional will weigh up whether treatment is needed. You can read more about bacterial illness in bacterial infections explained.

Are antibiotics safe in pregnancy?

Many antibiotics have been used widely and are generally considered suitable during pregnancy, while others are usually avoided because of potential risks at certain stages. This is exactly why self-treating is not appropriate in pregnancy. A doctor will choose an antibiotic based on:

• The type of infection and which bacteria are likely involved
• The stage of pregnancy
• Your medical history and any allergies
• Whether you are breastfeeding

Penicillin-type antibiotics, such as those discussed in our Amoxicillin guide, are among the medicines doctors often consider, but the right choice always depends on individual circumstances. You can browse the antibiotics range for general information, but never start a course in pregnancy without professional advice.

Things to tell your healthcare professional

Before being prescribed any antibiotic during pregnancy, make sure your doctor or midwife knows:

• That you are pregnant, or think you might be
• How many weeks pregnant you are
• Any allergies, especially to penicillin or other antibiotics
• Any other medicines or supplements you take
• Any long-term health conditions

Taking antibiotics safely

If you are prescribed antibiotics, follow the advice carefully:

• Take the medicine exactly as directed and finish the full course
• Read the patient information leaflet for specific cautions
• Do not stop early just because you feel better
• Report any side effects or new symptoms to your healthcare team

Completing the course helps clear the infection and reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance explained, which is important for everyone's long-term health.

When to seek advice or urgent help

Contact your doctor or midwife promptly if you have signs of infection during pregnancy, such as a fever, pain when passing urine, or feeling generally unwell. Seek urgent care for a high fever, severe pain, reduced baby movements, or any rapidly worsening symptoms.

If you experience signs of a serious allergic reaction after taking any antibiotic, such as swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, or a widespread rash, treat it as an emergency and seek immediate help.

The bottom line

Antibiotics can be an important and appropriate part of care during pregnancy, but the decision about whether and which to use should always rest with a healthcare professional who knows your situation.

General information only — not medical advice. Always read the patient information leaflet and consult a doctor or pharmacist before starting any medication.